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By clicking the "I accept" button, you consent to the use of these cookies. Islam is growing faster than any other religion, according to a study by the Pew Research Center. The increase in followers of major religions will be, in large part, due to fertility rates and the size of youth populations in less secular nations.
One of the main factors driving the future growth of religions is where each group is geographically concentrated today. Religions with many followers in developing countries — where birth rates are high, and infant mortality rates have in general been falling — are likely to grow quickly. The low birth rate in China and Japan will also see falling numbers of Buddhists, as a proportion of the world population, by , although the absolute number will remain stable, at around million.
Another important factor for the growth of religion is the current age distribution of each faith group. All the remaining groups have smaller-than-average youth populations, and many of them have disproportionately high numbers of followers over the age of It must be noted that conversion patterns are complex and varied, so Pew has provided full details of its methodology and research, excluding conversion data.
Over the next 30 years Christianity is expected to experience the largest net losses from religious switching, with million predicted to leave the faith and only about 40 million people entering it as converts. They are both also growing faster than they did just two years ago. Since , atheism has rebounded slightly—only by 0.
Agnosticism has maintained a small growth rate of 0. After reaching million this year, however, it is expected to drop below million by In , twice as many Christians lived in Europe than in the rest of the world combined.
Today, both Latin America and Africa have more. By , the number of Christians in Asia will also pass the number in Europe. The United States and Brazil are expected to remain atop the list, but Mexico is projected to fall from third to sixth and Russia is expected to drop from fourth to eighth. Germany and China are not expected to appear on the list.
Nigeria million Christians as of , the Philippines million , the Democratic Republic of the Congo million and Ethiopia 85 million each are expected to rise at least one spot on the list. Two other nations in sub-Saharan Africa are forecast to join the list: Tanzania, with 94 million Christians in , and Uganda 81 million. Christian fertility rates are lowest in Europe 1. They are highest in sub-Saharan Africa 4. The countries where Christians have the highest fertility rates in the period are Zambia 6.
Christians have the lowest fertility rates in Portugal 1. Indeed, where Christians live alongside large Muslim populations, they often have lower fertility than Muslims, such as in Egypt 1. Globally, Christians were only slightly older median age of 30 than the overall population median age of 28 in The age distribution of Christians varies dramatically across regions.
The youngest Christians, as of , were in sub-Saharan Africa median age of 19 , while the oldest Christians lived in Europe median age of However, in most regions, Christians were not considerably younger or older than the general population in The only exception was the Middle East and North Africa, where Christians were somewhat older median age of 29 than the overall population of the region median age of In the main projection scenario described in this report, religious switching is factored into population projections for all 70 countries for which sufficient data on recent switching patterns are available.
In , 1. Almost all religions have subdivisions. Christians can be Roman Catholic the biggest group with almost 1. Hinduism has four main groups: Vaishnavism, Shaivism, Shaktism and Smartism. Jews can be Orthodox or ultra-Orthodox , Conservative, Reform or belong to smaller groups. Geography is important in religion. Asia-Pacific is the most populous region in the world, and also the most religious.
Three-quarters of religious people live in a country where they form a majority of the population; the remaining quarter live as religious minorities. Three-quarters of Muslims live in Muslim-majority countries.
Among the religiously unaffiliated, seven out of 10 live in countries where they are in the majority, including China, the Czech Republic and North Korea. The median age of the global population is Two religions have a median age below that: Muslims 23 and Hindus Other main religions have an older median age: Christians, 30; Buddhists, 34 and Jews, The religiously unaffiliated come in at Islam is the fastest-growing religion in the world — more than twice as fast as the overall global population.
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