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Help us keep publishing stories that provide scholarly context to the news. Sign up for our weekly newsletter. As a result, Hari Singh signed an instrument to accede the state to the Indian dominion. At first, Nehru a Kashmiri himself appeared sympathetic to the cause of the Kashmiris. He promised multiple times to hold a plebiscite to determine the faith of Jammu and Kashmir.
Back then, even the emergence of an independent Kashmir was being considered as a possible outcome. Decades have passed, however, and the plebiscite Nehru promised was never held. Pakistan and India occasionally raised the issue and accused the other side of preventing the holding of a vote.
To the convenience of both the states, the issue of plebiscite was eventually forgotten. Since October , India and Pakistan fought multiple wars over Kashmir, both claiming to have the best interests of the local population in mind. But they jointly suppressed Kashmiri voices that criticise the actions of both countries and demand independence. One such example was the case of Maqbool Bhat , one of the founder members of Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front and proponent of organised armed struggle for the liberation of Kashmir.
Over the years, India and Pakistan did everything they could to control the narratives of Kashmir. India not only resorted to brutal methods of oppression, such as physical violence, torture , fake encounters, rape and unlawful prosecutions, it also concocted an alternative history, twisting data and facts to turn Indian public opinion against the plight of Kashmiri Muslims.
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India rejected that plan, and both India and Pakistan disagreed on how many troops would remain along their border in Kashmir if they did demilitarize. Another war broke out in In , India and Pakistan battled along the Line of Control in the Kargil district of Kashmir , leading the United States to intervene diplomatically, siding with India.
Since then, official U. The latest U. The effort went nowhere. In , the Indian government abolished the law that gave Kashmir autonomous status and militarily occupied the territory. At least , Indian troops are in Kashmir today. But India has held firm that Kashmir is part of India, under central government control, worsening already bad relations between India and Pakistan.
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